{"id":4814,"date":"2015-10-17T22:05:02","date_gmt":"2015-10-17T21:05:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mdemierre.speleologie.ch\/?p=4814"},"modified":"2018-01-04T13:43:43","modified_gmt":"2018-01-04T12:43:43","slug":"4814","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.techt.ch\/mdemierre\/?p=4814","title":{"rendered":"La crue souterraine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La crue souterraine est le plus souvent dues \u00e0 de fortes pluies, par exemple suite \u00e0 un orage, ou \u00e0 la fonte des neiges.<\/p>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s un orage, son arriv\u00e9e est le plus souvent rapide et brutale, parfois sous la forme d&rsquo;une unique vague. Juste avant l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e de l&rsquo;eau, les signes annonciteurs sont un grondement, un courant d&rsquo;air ou une sorte de coup de canon.<\/p>\n<p>Lors de la fonte des neiges, le niveau de l&rsquo;eau augmente et diminue chaque jour, avec souvent un maximum de d\u00e9bit durant l&rsquo;apr\u00e8s-midi et minimum durant la nuit.<\/p>\n<p>La crue est \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine d&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00e9nements parfois dramatiques, en particuliers dans les puits o\u00f9 l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie de l&rsquo;eau froide vainquera le sp\u00e9l\u00e9ologue intr\u00e9pide. La r\u00e8gle pour le sp\u00e9l\u00e9ologue pi\u00e9g\u00e9 est d&rsquo;<wbr>attendre une baisse des eaux, afin de pouvoir sortir en s\u00e9curit\u00e9.&nbsp;Afin d&rsquo;\u00e9viter un accident, il faut donc tenir compte des pr\u00e9cipitations sur toute la dur\u00e9e de la sortie. Ceci est particuli\u00e8rement important dans les cavit\u00e9s actives, semi-actives et dans les gouffres en pr\u00e9sence de puits arros\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">&#8230; Dans le R\u00e9seau du Folliu, nous avons eu \u00ab la chance \u00bb de ramasser\u2026 la crue ! Un grondement et 10 secondes apr\u00e8s l\u2019eau qui jaillit d\u2019un coup pour arroser copieusement les sp\u00e9l\u00e9os. Juste le temps de se mettre \u00e0 l&rsquo;abris ! Les parois du gouffre semblent vibrer au passage de l\u2019eau. Impressionnant ! Une bonne piqure de rappel ! &#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Folliu Borna, ao\u00fbt 2015<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>[divider]Observations avec les Sp\u00e9l\u00e9oLoggers [\/divider]<br \/>\nLes Sp\u00e9l\u00e9oLoggers sont des dataloggers simples et robustes sp\u00e9cialement adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 la mesure de param\u00e8tres en sp\u00e9l\u00e9ologie ou en hydrog\u00e9ologie (par exemple dans des pi\u00e9zom\u00e8tres). Il permettent en particulier la mesure de la pression absolue ou diff\u00e9rentielle.<br \/>\nngg_shortcode_0_placeholder<\/p>\n<h3>Grottes aux F\u00e9es (Vallorbe)<\/h3>\nngg_shortcode_1_placeholder\n<p>Mont\u00e9e des eaux tr\u00e8s rapide ! Attention aux crues !<br \/>\nLa temp\u00e9rature de l&rsquo;eau et de l&rsquo;air est tr\u00e8s stable.<\/p>\n<h3>Grotte de Vallorbe&nbsp;(Vallorbe)<\/h3>\nngg_shortcode_2_placeholder\n<p>Rivi\u00e8re souterraine avec un d\u00e9bit&nbsp;de <span class=\"nowrap\">2&nbsp;m<sup>3<\/sup>\/s<\/span> (\u00e9tiage) \u00e0 <span class=\"nowrap\">80&nbsp;m<sup>3<\/sup>\/s<\/span> (crues). L&rsquo;eau provenant en partie de pertes dans le lac Brenet explique les fortes varations de temp\u00e9rature de l&rsquo;eau, de 4 \u00e0 13 \u00b0C. Cette cavit\u00e9 pourrait avoir de l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat pour de l&rsquo;hydro-\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, mais comme c&rsquo;est un g\u00e9otope d&rsquo;importance national, c&rsquo;est tr\u00e8s improbable.<\/p>\n<h3>Grotte du Poteux (Saillon)<\/h3>\nngg_shortcode_3_placeholder\n<p>Les crues de printemps y sont r\u00e9put\u00e9es. A noter que nous y avons enregistr\u00e9 une crue terrible en \u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>Fontannets de la Mothe&nbsp;(Vugelles-La-Mothe)<\/h3>\nngg_shortcode_4_placeholder\n<p>Cette cavit\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9e apr\u00e8s notre pompage du Petit Fontanneet la d\u00e9couverte d&rsquo;une salle noy\u00e9e en-dessous du niveau de la source et que nous avons pu vider malgr\u00e9 tout.<\/p>\n<h3>Source du Torrent&nbsp;(Dombresson)<\/h3>\nngg_shortcode_5_placeholder\n<p>Des crues de plus de 100 m\u00e8tres de d\u00e9nivellation, dans un gouffre qui passe&nbsp;sous la nappe phr\u00e9atique du&nbsp;Val-de-Ruz.<\/p>\n<p>[divider]Mesures en temps r\u00e9el[\/divider]<\/p>\n<h3><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Souterrain<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hoelloch.org\/index.php\/component\/jumi\/cl-chart?val1=78&amp;col1=1&amp;scaley1=1&amp;val2=0&amp;col2=3&amp;scaley2=2&amp;val3=0&amp;col3=2&amp;scaley3=3&amp;val4=0&amp;col4=4&amp;scaley4=4&amp;days=14\" target=\"_blank\">R\u00e9seau des F\u00e9es (Vallorbe) &#8211; Mesure \u00e0 la rivi\u00e8re Lanceleau avec temp\u00e9rature ext\u00e9rieure et pression atmosph\u00e9rique<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Sources karstiques<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cavelink.com\/me\/valo.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Source de l&rsquo;Orbe (Vallorbe)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cavelink.com\/me\/chau.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Source de la Chaudanne (Rossini\u00e8re)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cavelink.com\/me\/jaun.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Source du Jaun (Jaun)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rdbrmc.com\/hydroreel2\/station.php?codestation=178\" target=\"_blank\">Source du Doubs (France)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Rivi\u00e8res<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hydrodaten.admin.ch\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\">Donn\u00e9es hydrologiques de l&rsquo;OFEV<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Dangers naturels<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hydrodaten.admin.ch\/fr\/messstationen_gefahren.html\" target=\"_blank\">Donn\u00e9es hydrologiques de l&rsquo;OFEV &#8211; niveaux de danger<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.meteosuisse.admin.ch\/home.html?tab=alarm\" target=\"_blank\">Office f\u00e9d\u00e9ral de m\u00e9t\u00e9orologie et de climatologie M\u00e9t\u00e9oSuisse &#8211; dangers<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dangers-naturels.ch\/home\/dangers-naturels-actuels\/crues.html\" target=\"_blank\">Dangers naturels actuels en Suisse &#8211; crues<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.slf.ch\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\">Institut pour l&rsquo;\u00e9tude de la neige et des avalanches SLF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La crue souterraine est le plus souvent dues \u00e0 de fortes pluies, par exemple suite \u00e0 un orage, ou \u00e0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4813,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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